Breeding practices in domestic cats have significantly shaped their genetic diversity, impacting the prevalence of hereditary diseases within specific breeds. This study examines the role of selective breeding, inbreeding, and breed popularity in contributing to the incidence of genetic disorders in cats, also analyzed the genetic health of various cat breeds, focusing on patterns of inheritance, common mutations, and the impact of genetic screening programs. Additionally, a case study on Breed X provides insights into the relationship between breeding practices and disease prevalence, exploring management strategies and lessons that can inform future breeding programs. The findings underscore the physiological, behavioral, and care-related consequences of hereditary diseases on cat health, with broader implications for breeders, owners, and veterinary practitioners. Reducing the prevalence of these diseases presents challenges, including the need for breeder awareness, improved access to genetic testing, and addressing regulatory and ethical considerations. Looking forward, advancements in genetic screening and breeding technologies offer promising avenues for enhancing the genetic health of cats through sustainable breeding practices. Sustainable, ethically informed breeding practices are crucial for promoting the long-term genetic health and well-being of cat populations.